High SGOT and SGPT Levels: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Treatment

Have you recently had a liver function test and noticed that your SGOT (Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase) and SGPT (Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase) levels are higher than normal? If so, you might be feeling a little concerned. But don’t panic just yet! Elevated liver enzymes don’t always indicate a serious problem, and in many cases, they can be managed effectively with the right lifestyle changes and medical support. Let’s explore what these levels really mean, what causes them, and what steps you can take to keep your liver healthy.

What Are SGOT and SGPT?

Think of SGOT and SGPT as your liver’s “check engine” lights. These enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down proteins and processing nutrients. They’re usually present in small amounts in your blood, but when liver cells are damaged or inflamed, they release more of these enzymes into your bloodstream.

• SGOT (AST - Aspartate Aminotransferase) is found not just in the liver but also in muscles, the heart, and kidneys.
• SGPT (ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase) is more specific to the liver, making it a better indicator of liver health.

A slight increase in these enzymes isn’t necessarily a cause for concern, but persistently high levels might indicate an underlying issue that needs attention.

Normal SGOT and SGPT Levels

While values may vary slightly from lab to lab, here’s a general reference range:

• SGOT (AST): 8-40 U/L
• SGPT (ALT): 7-56 U/L

If your levels are slightly elevated, it might not be a major issue. But if they are significantly higher, it’s important to understand the possible causes and take appropriate action.

Did you know? A recent study published in the Journal of Hepatology found that 15-20% of individuals with mild liver enzyme elevations show no symptoms, yet they could still be at risk for liver disease progression.

Common Causes of High SGOT and SGPT Levels

Most people associate high liver enzymes with alcohol consumption or hepatitis, but there are plenty of other reasons why your liver might be stressed. Let’s take a look at both common and lesser-known causes.

Primary Causes:

1. Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD & AFLD) – Caused by excessive fat accumulation in the liver due to diet, alcohol, or metabolic issues.
2. Viral Hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E) – Infections that cause inflammation and liver damage.
3. Alcohol & Drug-Induced Liver Damage – Overuse of alcohol, painkillers (like acetaminophen), and certain antibiotics.
4. Liver Cirrhosis – Chronic scarring of the liver leading to reduced function.

Other Lesser-Known Causes:

1. Autoimmune Hepatitis – The immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells, causing inflammation.
2. Muscle Disorders – Since SGOT is also found in muscle tissue, conditions like muscular dystrophy can lead to elevated levels.
3. Heart Conditions – Heart failure or a heart attack can trigger a rise in SGOT levels.
4. Thyroid Disorders – Imbalances in thyroid function can impact liver health.
5. Celiac Disease – Gluten intolerance can contribute to chronic liver inflammation.
6. Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome – Diabetes, high cholesterol, and obesity can increase liver stress and elevate enzyme levels.

Additional Causes from Recent Studies:

• Breathlessness, swelling in the legs, excessive fatigue, bruising, and nausea have been reported as early symptoms of high SGOT and SGPT levels, indicating liver stress before a severe condition develops.
• Nutritional Deficiencies – A lack of vitamin D, excessive salt consumption, and improper hydration can contribute to worsening liver function.
• Use of Herbal Remedies – Natural ingredients such as amla, licorice, black nightshade, kutki, and bhoomi amla have been found beneficial in promoting liver health.

Symptoms of High SGOT and SGPT Levels

Many people with elevated liver enzymes don’t experience any symptoms. However, if your liver is under significant stress, you might notice:

• Fatigue and general weakness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Yellowish skin and eyes (jaundice)
• Abdominal pain or swelling
• Dark-colored urine and pale stools
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent itchiness

Tip: Since many liver-related issues develop silently, regular health check-ups and liver function tests (LFTs) are essential for early detection.

Ways to Lower High SGOT and SGPT Levels Naturally

Many cases of elevated liver enzymes can be reversed with the right approach. Here’s how you can support your liver:

1. Adopt a Liver-Friendly Diet
   • Eat whole foods: Leafy greens, whole grains, and lean proteins.
   • Reduce processed foods: Avoid sugary snacks, fried items, and trans fats.
   • Limit alcohol consumption: Even small amounts can strain the liver.
2. Stay Hydrated and Detox Naturally
   • Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
   • Incorporate green tea, turmeric, and garlic into your meals.
   • Try lemon water and beet juice for a natural liver cleanse.
3. Manage Underlying Health Conditions
   • Control diabetes, high cholesterol, and thyroid issues.
   • Follow prescribed medications and avoid unnecessary over-the-counter drugs.
4. Consider Natural Supplements (Consult your doctor first!)
   1. Milk thistle: Known for its liver-protecting properties.
   2. Vitamin E: May reduce liver inflammation.
   3. Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish, walnuts, and flaxseeds, these help maintain liver health.

When Should You Consult a Doctor?

If your SGOT and SGPT levels remain elevated for more than six months or you experience symptoms like fatigue, jaundice, or abdominal discomfort, it’s essential to seek medical advice. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent severe liver complications.

Why Choose Paras Hospital?

• Comprehensive Liver Function Testing (LFTs)
• Expert Hepatology Consultations
• Advanced Liver Imaging & Biopsy
• Personalized Liver Health Management Plans

Your liver plays a vital role in your overall health—don’t ignore the warning signs! Get expert care and guidance from our hepatology specialists today.