What are kidney stones? Understanding the basics of this painful condition

Kidney stones are a very common medical condition that everyone comes across but rarely understands. Now let us break down all information required about kidney stones which also includes what is, why they occur, methods for prevention, how diagnosis of such stones takes place and their treatment options. Also, this guide will allow you to decide the correct specialist doctor in case of the suspicion of having stones and why Paras Hospital can provide you with appropriate health care.

What Are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones are hard, pebble-like objects that form in your kidneys. They are formed from minerals and salts that build up in your urine over time. Small kidney stones may pass out of the body without you even noticing; however, larger stones can get stuck in the urinary tract, causing intense pain and discomfort.

The pain from kidney stones is often described as one of the most severe types of pain. It can occur in waves, making it difficult to sit still or focus on anything else. If you’ve ever experienced it, you’ll know how important it is to prevent kidney stones from forming in the first place.

What Causes Kidney Stones?

There are several causes of kidney stone formation. Some of the most common causes include:

1. Dehydration 
   • This is usually as a result of inadequate hydration because not drinking enough water contributes to concentrated urine. Increasing chances of mineral crystals sticking together and getting to the formation of stones.
2. Diet
   • Certain foods can increase oxalates, sodium, or protein in your diet, such as spinach, nuts, and chocolate. It also includes excess salt in these sugary drinks.
3. Family History
   • If someone in your family has had kidney stones, you’re more likely to develop them as well.
4. Medical Conditions
   • Certain health issues like urinary tract infections (UTIs), gout, and hyperparathyroidism can increase your risk.
5. Obesity
   • Being overweight can change the chemical balance of your urine, leading to stone formation.
6. Lack of Physical Activity
   • A sedentary lifestyle may contribute to the formation of kidney stones due to poor circulation and metabolism.

How Do You Prevent Kidney Stones? 

1. Hydrate Yourself
   • Drink enough water every day. Try to achieve at least 8-10 glasses, and if you are active or are living in a hot climate, drink more.
2. Take Care of Your Diet
   • Reduce oxalate-rich foods, sodium, and animal protein. Turn to a balanced diet with an abundance of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products.
3. Restrict Sugary Drinks
   • Avoid sugary sodas and energy drinks, which may increase your risk of kidney stones.
4. Maintain a Healthy Weight
   • Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help prevent obesity, which is a known risk factor for kidney stones.
5. Talk to Your Doctor
   • If you have a history of kidney stones, ask your doctor about medications or dietary changes to prevent recurrence.

How Are Kidney Stones Diagnosed?

If you suspect that you suffer from kidney stones, generally a doctor will begin with a great deal of history and doing a physical exam. Diagnosis tests include the following below:

1. Imaging tests
   • Ultrasound: A great non-invasive way that helps detect kidney stones fast.
   • CT Scan: To help you have a visual image of your kidneys with the urinary tract.
2. Urine test: To check on high-level minerals and other substances resulting in stones.
3. Blood Test
   •  Blood tests are crucial in ruling out other causes for stone development, such as hypercalcemia and infection.
4. Stone analysis
   • You may have the stone examined by your physician if it passes to ascertain its nature, which in turn directs prevention measures.

Treatment for Kidney Stones

The treatment for kidney stones will depend on the size and location of the stones as well as the severity of your symptoms.

1. Small Stones
   • Hydration: Drinking plenty of water can help flush out small stones.
   • Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen can ease discomfort.
   • Medications: Some medications may relax your urinary tract, making it easier to pass the stone.
2. Large or Stubborn Stones
   • Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): Uses sound waves to break the stone into smaller pieces, which can then pass naturally.
   • Ureteroscopy: A thin tube with a camera is passed through the urethra to find and take out the stone.
   • Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: This is a minimally invasive surgery to remove very large stones.
   • Open Surgery: In most cases, this is not required but can be an option for complex situations.
3. Follow-Up Care
   • Dietary Changes: Changes in diet to prevent future stones.
   • Medications: For recurrent stones, doctors may prescribe drugs to control the levels of certain substances in your urine.

Which Doctor Should You Consult for Kidney Stones?

The first step, if you suspect kidney stones, is to visit a urologist. Urologists are medical specialists who deal with the urinary tract. In Paras Hospital, we have experienced urologists who use the most advanced diagnostic tools and treatment methods to provide personalized care. 

Why Choose Paras Hospital for Kidney Stone Treatment?

Expert Urologists: Well trained to diagnose and treat stone cases, no matter what complexity they are.

Advanced Technology: Precise imaging to minimally invasive procedures, we make all the difference in state-of-the-art technology.

Patient-Centered Care: We are particular about your comfort and recovery, so let us guide you at every step that we take.

Comprehensive Services: Paras Hospital works as a one-stop center for all your health, ensuring seamless care from the diagnosis to treatment and on.

Take the First Step Towards Relief

If you’re struggling with kidney stone symptoms or want to take preventive measures, don’t wait. Book an appointment with a urologist at Paras Hospital today. Call us at 0918071700763 or visit our website to schedule your consultation. Let’s work together to ensure a pain-free, healthy life!